Най-лесният начин да получите общ брой и брой на подмножество?

Използвайте:

SELECT COUNT(*) AS total,
       SUM(CASE 
             WHEN DATEPART(WEEKDAY, t.start_date) IN (2,6) THEN 1 
             ELSE 0 
           END) AS weekday
  FROM ATTEND t
 WHERE t.empl_no = 12345