Командата не е намерена - bash:sqlplus:

Опитайте с това:

"docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -p 1521:1521 --name OracleDB store/oracle/database/enterprise:12.2.0.1"
"docker start OracleDB"
"docker exec -it OracleDB bash"
"/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba"